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Facts and stats

Food labelling

 


Food labelling can be a fraught business for marketers. From date tagging and nutritional claims to sources of origin, label content often sways customers. But tough regulation means incorrect labelling can land you in hot water

 

There is no real Willow Farm

Product descriptions regularly use words evoking pastoral images such as “natural”, “fresh”, “pure” and “real”. But these terms are unregulated, unlike certified categories such as “free range” or “organic”. And products labelled as “reduced fat” often contain high levels of fat and added sugar to bolster flavour. What’s more, sugar can be labelled as fructose, maltodextrine or corn syrup. Marks & Spencer and Tesco lead the way in audacious food marketing, with their idyllic sounding names for chicken. Tesco’s “Willow Farm” range is sourced from 42 farms across the south-west of England and Northern Ireland rather than one farm with an abundance of willow trees. And M&S’s “Oakham” farm produce comes from farms as far apart as Northern Ireland and the Suffolk coast – none originates in Oakham.

Labellers are at war

Food labelling

in the food industry over the “traffic light” system versus “guideline daily amounts” (GDAs). The traffic light label shows the proportions of fat, saturated fats, sugar and salt; red for high, amber for medium and green for low. Sainsbury’s, Asda, Waitrose, Co‑operative and Marks & Spencer use this system. But Tesco, Morrisons and Somerfield have chosen GDAs. These labels show percentages of guideline daily amounts of sugar, salt, fat and calories in each serving. GDA supporters say the traffic light system is patronising and blacklists products such as cheese, which are high in saturated fat but have other nutritional benefits. The British Medical Association, the Food Standards Agency and The Diabetic Association support the traffic light system. In 2010 Euro MPs voted to adopt GDA labels in the EU, but traffic light labels are still permitted.

10 clues

food label facts

1

Red Tractor is the Assured Food Standards label and guarantees quality standards for food production, including animal welfare. A Union flag behind the tractor shows the product has been produced and processed in the UK.

 


2

The Fairtrade mark is applied to products that have been traded in a way that gives small producers, workers and local cooperatives a better deal.

 

3

The Soil Association is a membership charity that certifies products as organically farmed. It is the largest of the organisations that can guarantee this.

 

4

Foods have to be labelled as GM if they consist of genetically modified organisms, but meat, dairy and eggs from animals fed GM produce, and cheese made with GM-based enzymes, do not.

 

5

Freedom Food is the RSPCA’s farm assurance scheme and ensures higher animal welfare standards than the Red Tractor mark, so while animals might not be reared outdoors, there are rules that require a minimum level of space and stimulation.

 

6

LEAF (Linking Environment and Farming) promotes environmentally responsible farming. Products that carry the mark are sourced from farmers that maintain hedgerows for wildlife and minimise pesticide, energy and water use.

 

7

MSC (Marine Stewardship Council) is the symbol that certifies fish is from a sustainable, not endangered, source.

 

8

The Lion mark is the egg industry’s confirmation of quality and guarantees hygiene controls and protection against salmonella.

 

9

Rainforest Alliance certified products comply with 10 standards set in place by the Sustainable Agriculture Network. These standards include ecosystem conservation, wildlife protection and good working conditions for workers.

 

10

  Dolphin Friendly is the mark appearing on tinned tuna, promising methods of fishing do not harm dolphins – although this does not guarantee the fish is line caught.

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